Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most frequent causes of dizziness. It is characterized by brief episodes of vertigo triggered by specific head movements. Though not life-threatening, it can significantly affect daily activities.
BPPV occurs when tiny calcium particles, called otoliths, become dislodged from their usual position in the inner ear and move into the semicircular canals. This disruption affects balance and can lead to symptoms of vertigo. Common causes include:
• Aging
• Head injuries
• Prolonged bed rest
• Inner ear disorders
Understanding these triggers can help in managing the condition effectively.
BPPV presents with hallmark symptoms, such as:
• A spinning sensation (vertigo) lasting seconds to minutes
• Nausea or vomiting
• Unsteadiness, especially when changing head positions
• Difficulty focusing
These symptoms are often triggered by actions like lying down, turning over in bed, or looking upward.
Diagnosis typically involves a medical history review and specific tests like the Dix-Hallpike maneuver, which helps identify abnormal eye movements (nystagmus) linked to BPPV.
Treatment options include:
• Canalith Repositioning Maneuvers: Gentle head and body movements, such as the Epley maneuver, guide the otoliths back to their proper position.
• Medications: While not curative, anti-nausea medications may help manage symptoms.
• Lifestyle Adjustments: Avoiding sudden movements and ensuring safety during dizzy episodes can minimize risks.
If you experience persistent or worsening vertigo, it’s crucial to see an ENT specialist. They can rule out other causes of dizziness and ensure you receive appropriate care.
